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The Incoherence of the Philosophers

Tahafut al-Falasifa

Al-Ghazali·Arabic

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Al-Ghazali's devastating critique of Islamic Aristotelianism. He argues that philosophers like Ibn Sina cannot prove the eternity of the world, the nature of God, or the immortality of the soul through reason alone.

We shall now show that they have not been able to satisfy the conditions of proof in any of these questions. Let us proceed to discuss them one by one, saying first that the refutation of their claim to know the eternity of the world, then of their denial of the divine attributes, then of what they say concerning the divine knowledge.

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