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Volume I · Ancient Greece · 624–262 BCE

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Kanada

IndianVaisheshika

Born c. 6th century BCE

The Indian atomist. He said the world is made of indivisible particles, centuries before Democritus said the same thing in Greece.

Almost nothing is known about Kanada's life. His name may mean 'atom-eater.' He founded the Vaisheshika school, which proposed that all matter is composed of indivisible, eternal atoms of earth, water, fire, and air. These atoms combine in pairs, then in larger groups, to form the visible world. The system also includes a detailed theory of categories: substance, quality, action, universality, individuality, and inherence. It is one of the oldest systematic atomic theories in human history.

Places

Ideas

Atoms & the Void

Words

“The combination of atoms produces the diversity of the world.”

— Kanada

Works

Vaisheshika Sutras

·Sanskrit

The founding text of Indian atomism. All matter is composed of eternal, indivisible atoms.

Life & Moments

c. 6th century BCE

Proposes the Atomic Theory of Matter

Kanada reasoned that all physical things must be composed of indivisible particles he called anu. Everything we see, he argued, is a combination of these atoms in different arrangements. The idea preceded Greek atomism by possibly a century, though the two traditions developed independently.

c. 6th century BCE

Founds the Vaisheshika School

Built a systematic philosophy around the idea that reality can be understood through categories: substance, quality, action, universality, particularity, and inherence. The Vaisheshika school became one of the six classical schools of Hindu philosophy.

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Thinkers

A story-first philosophy atlas. Explore history's greatest thinkers through place, time, movement, and ideas.

Explore

  • Thinkers
  • Atlas
  • Works

Browse

  • Concepts
  • Volumes

About

  • About Thinkers
  • Image Credits

Volume I · Ancient Greece · 624–262 BCE